AMOS (Atomic macOS Stealer): the indicators always rotate — Unit 42's early-August 2026 lab snapshot pins the durable pattern (fake "macOS toolkit" quick-setup page → clipboard-paste Zsh → /tmp/helper → masquerade dirs .com.apple.accountsd / .com.apple.metadata.mds → Terminal-app TCC permission prompts → staged stage= C2 URLs)
Tags
- tool
- tools
- AMOS
- Atomic Stealer
- Atomic macOS Stealer
- macOS malware
- infostealer
- ClickFix
- clipboard paste
- Zsh script
- Mach-O
- universal binary
- Gatekeeper
- TCC permissions
- Terminal permissions
- Apple masquerade
- accountsd masquerade
- mdworker masquerade
- crypto wallet theft
- browser credential theft
- Telegram data
- Apple Notes
- staged C2 URLs
- Hetzner C2
- cracked software lure
- malicious ads
- Unit 42
- active development
Summary
AMOS (Atomic macOS Stealer) is a macOS information stealer, advertised on Telegram since at least April 2024, that exfiltrates system information, login credentials, browser data, keychain material, SSH keys, authentication stores, and cryptocurrency wallet data. It is distributed via ClickFix-style clipboard-paste campaigns, malicious advertisements, and cracked-software / "toolkit" instruction pages. Unit 42's September 16, 2026 analysis of a lab infection from early August 2026 is less valuable for its indicators than for its core conclusion, stated explicitly: AMOS indicators change constantly — domains, URLs, IPs, filenames, hashes, and directory paths all rotated between the July 31, 2026 and August 5, 2026 infections Unit 42 compared. The malware is in active development; anything blocklisted from a report is stale. The durable defense is the behavioral chain below.
Infection chain (Unit 42 lab reproduction, Aug 5, 2026)
- Lure:
getmacouscloud[.]comhosts an instruction page for a fake "macOS toolkit" "quick setup." Unit 42 notes this copy/paste pattern is called ClickFix but is technically a variant — no fake CAPTCHA, just instructions to copy a command and paste it into Terminal. - Paste → execute: the copied text fetches a Zsh script from
hxxps[:]//ferncore13[.]com/curl/<64-hex>— the same/curl/<id>URL shape Microsoft documented in its fingerprinting-gated MacSync/AMOS campaign. - The Zsh script embeds Base64-encoded GZIP-compressed data; decompressing yields a follow-up Zsh script that retrieves and runs a Mach-O installer saved as
/tmp/helper, alongside a plist named/tmp/starter. - Persistence (two masquerade directories under the user's
~/Library/Application Support/): .com.apple.accountsd/— shell script.serviceexecuting Mach-OAccountsHelper(masquerading as the accountsd daemon's support directory).com.apple.metadata.mds/— shell script.mdworkerexecuting Mach-Omdworker_shared(masquerading as Spotlight metadata worker paths)- Social/permission engineering: infection requires the user's admin password (prompted mid-chain), after which the Terminal process itself requests TCC permissions — control of Finder, Desktop files, Documents files, control of Notes — each prompt appearing "legitimate" because Terminal is the requesting app.
- Collection: data gathered to
/tmp, compressed toout.zip, with an internal structure that doubles as a target list: deskwallets/Binance/,deskwallets/TonKeeper/(desktop wallets)FileGrabber/aws/,FileGrabber/docker/,FileGrabber/filezilla/,FileGrabber/gcloud/,FileGrabber/zsh_historyTelegram Data/,info,username
C2 pattern (durable)
Post-infection traffic is HTTP POSTs to a C2 whose URLs end in staged markers — collection categories visible in the URL itself:
stage=boot, stage=init_session, stage=messengers, stage=credentials, stage=browsers, stage=wallets, stage=resolve_auth, stage=local_data
This exact stage= URL grammar appeared in both Unit 42 infections (July 31 and August 5, 2026) while everything around it rotated — C2 moved from 188.166.78[.]138 to 161.35.146[.]120 (both Hetzner ranges in the observed set). Hunt the URL shape, not the IP.
Why blocklists fail against AMOS
Unit 42's explicit guidance: treat any published AMOS indicator set (including theirs) as a time-limited snapshot. Stable behavioral pivots instead:
- Zsh executed by
Terminal.appfetching a/curl/<sha256-ish hex>path (shared with Microsoft's documented ClickFix front-end campaign) - Creation of
~/Library/Application Support/.com.apple.*directories — Apple-namespaced dot-directories under a user's Application Support are not legitimate macOS layout - A Terminal process requesting Finder/Notes/Desktop/Documents TCC control outside a developer's known workflow
out.zipwritten under/tmpcontainingdeskwallets/orFileGrabber/paths- HTTP POST URLs ending
stage=wallets/stage=credentials/ etc.
Relations
AMOS sits at the end of several documented macOS delivery lines: the Microsoft-documented fingerprinting-gated ClickFix campaign (250+ dictionary-word file front-ends delivering MacSync or AMOS), the Huntress Google-Doc-sidebar campaign (Sep 15, 2026 — Apps Script sidebar profiling wallet extensions, then AMOS on the macOS branch), GTIG UNC7005/Storm-2945 (commodity infostealer stage of Russian-interest targeting), and cracked-software/malvertising distribution.
Indicators (as published by Unit 42, Sep 16, 2026 — snapshot, expected stale)
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Initial Zsh script SHA-256 | 71781ad8adefb499aee9bcbe1a166e69ccc37a47066682f617d65c76d8cde88c (1,991 B) |
| Extracted payload Zsh SHA-256 | 7ea6ff8b12c59aaae1ab6f4f5a57045dad5a8127954f3ffd3d1c154d40d7ca3a (1,213 B) |
Installer (/tmp/helper) SHA-256 |
a598fcdcd49247312861ff90c16cb4a5d49fede6072e30e7416dd276668fa2a9 (330,768 B, universal Mach-O) |
Persistent (AccountsHelper) SHA-256 |
6bfcdb4920383375b7e519918df7eb4db751b974b5571a15ce66b82478012620 (438,576 B) |
Persistent (mdworker_shared) SHA-256 |
4504006d1911057be42435d4625f03d83c4d0b7b6898d14beb9cdeba6cf667b9 (568,368 B) |
| Lure site | getmacouscloud[.]com |
| Initial download | hxxps[:]//ferncore13[.]com/curl/608e70d1338612686917ee5cd300ff7ed8e318dfd787a50257f92142e99bd688 |
| Payload URLs | hxxps[:]//grove-89[.]com/api/metrics/run?event=pasted, hxxps[:]//ferncore13[.]com/2kqYRM0DCrnyJgoS4gVLl_FHJRRdTUhGCbjyuYwpZ6c/m1/update |
| C2 (Aug 5 infection) | 161.35.146[.]120 |
| C2 (Jul 31 infection) | 188.166.78[.]138 |
References
- Unit 42 (Sep 16, 2026): https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/atomic-macos-amos-stealer-activity/
- Malware-Traffic-Analysis.net AMOS infection writeup (Jun 9, 2026); Malpedia AMOS family page (via Unit 42)
Related
- macOS ClickFix fingerprinting-gate campaign — the Microsoft-documented 250-domain front-end line that ends in MacSync/AMOS
- Google Doc sidebar / rogue-CA campaign — Sep 2026 delivery line whose macOS branch serves AMOS
- UNC7005 Russian-interest targeting clusters — AMOS/Vidar as the commodity-stealer stage